strengths and weaknesses of china becoming a superpowerstrengths and weaknesses of china becoming a superpower

This depth of concern with Chinas growth is mirrored in the relative primacy these countries place on their relations with the United States. Strengths of China- 1.Manufacturing monster-China is considered as the factory of the world. For example, across every country surveyed in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, as well as many in the Asia-Pacific, people name the U.S. as the top economy. China has undergone rapid economic expansion since 1979, sustaining some of the fastest growth rates ever seen, with an average of 10% per year over several decades. China is not yet a superpower, but because its population is the largest in the world, its economy is number 2 and still growing, and its military is rapidly growing, if it can avoid war with the US and other countries and solve its demographic problem, it is likely to attain this status. The Chinese model has been able to mitigate some of these weaknesses, and it has a lot more strengths. The COVID-19 pandemic led to the pioneering of 'lockdowns,' including the 60 million people in Hunan province, where the disease originated. For example, 85% in Australia say U.S.-Australian economic relations are in good shape, while 80% say the same of Sino-Australian ones. Beijings project becomes a little more obvious every day to become the worlds leading power and so dethrone Washington from its pedestal, dominate east Asia and thus oust America from the western Pacific, he writes. The changes in the [Peoples Liberation Army]s capabilities, with their missile and cyber forces, and their ability to train, advance their joint interoperability and their combat support logistics, all those trend lines indicate to me that within the next six years they will have the capability and the capacity to forcibly reunify with Taiwan, should they choose force to do it. Hes in his late 60s so he can be there for a very long time. These same countries are also more likely than others to see U.S. economic influence in their country positively. So thats a very complicated question. And thats a very, very important part of the story. This means that the overwhelming majority of the Chinese economy, more than 90 percent, is engaged in regular commercial non-security economic activities that do not represent a threat to the U.S. or the outside world. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. It would be too hard a domestic sell for the White House. The Soviet model had fundamental weaknesses that the U.S. didnt have. And hes made it clear that he is also ruthless. University of California Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation. In several countries people are likely to evaluate current economic relations with one superpower positively, while seeing the other in more negative terms. It is to spend an extra $8.7bn (6.4bn) on defence over the next five years, including on new missiles. And, when it comes to alliances, many more name the U.S. as the top country their nation can rely on than China. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main China may be on the way to superpower status by virtue of its physical size and geographic position, economic power and influence, political factors, access to natural resources, and military might. How does China's geographical position help it to become an emerging power? It was nowhere near the global frontier. Strengths of the Chinese AI Ecosystem - Government's top-down approach to the proliferation of AI, availability and easy access to a huge amount of consumer data, closed-loop ecosystem, and aggressive investment and funding in domestic and foreign AI companies. As a comparison this share totals between 60% and 70% in most of the OECD economies [7]. However, China has major weaknesses that neither Xi nor the U.S. security establishment want to highlight. China stretches from the northern temperate zone to the tropics in the south, and from well-watered and fertile plains in the east to vast deserts and the highest mountains in the world in the west. This problem is recognized by CCP leaders. Because European respondents were already being asked so many region-specific questions, we did not ask them the entire suite of questions about China and the global balance of power that were asked in other regions. China's strength Long-term plans set by the Chinese government have included aggressive targets for economic growth, innovation, and sustainability. China's low cost of labour means it is a favoured location for international companies to locate, and its cheap goods have flooded the world. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. Jones is Labour's go-to on tech policy. An incredibly large population of relatively well-educated workers has kept the labor supply abun- dant and wages low. There are a few. China's first weakness is strongman Xi himself. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. It is not only the worlds second largest economy and the largest exporter by value, but it has also been investing in overseas infrastructure and development at a rapid clip as part of its Belt and Road Initiative. The Global Times predicted that Afghanistan showed that in the event of a war in the strait, Taiwans defence would collapse in hours and the US military will not come to help. President Barack Obamas State of the Union address centered on improving U.S. innovation and competitiveness. US$ 14.72 trillion, 2nd largest in the world after USA. China today is well along this path. Create a free account and access your personalized content collection with our latest publications and analyses. But the US's status had several challengers: the emerging superpowers of China, India, and Russia. These are among the major findings from a Pew Research Center survey conducted among 38,426 people in 34 countries from May 13 to Oct. 2, 2019. Which maritime region has China controversially claimed and largely taken control of? And the model for Chinas technological advancement over the last few decades has been what we would define as absorption based. However, the country is also drowning in crime, political instability, and corruption. In the six Asia-Pacific countries surveyed, most have little confidence in Xi Jinping when it comes to world affairs. As China becomes more prosperous, its resource consumption increases rapidly. Today, in 2022, the Chinese have said: we know how to do absorption, we can copy, we can reengineer. While not a global superpower, China uses this military might to control its own population (e.g., in Xinjiang), control its contested borders, project power in the South China Sea, make agreements with Pacific Island nations, and make moves towards retaking Taiwan. And in the Philippines, Indonesia, India and South Korea, nearly equal numbers have confidence in North Korean leader Kim Jong Un as in Xi. China: What the worlds largest food system means for climate change, Asia's economy is projected to make a strong recovery, says the IMF, Krishna Srinivasan, Thomas Helbling and Shanaka J. Peiris. Power Index rating: 0.0945,Total military personnel: 3,712,500 Total aircraft strength: 2,955 Also, there hasnt been a lot of focus on this, but what is the nature of the domestic system in Russia that supports that kind of war or doesnt support that kind of war? Two plausible scenarios are a confrontation between ships of different nations in the China Sea and a skirmish on the border between China and India. The U.S. has a lot of problems, but the U.S. has built up a lot of strengths, and the U.S. innovation system is still the world leader. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA The states involvement is a strength, but it can also be a weakness. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. Why will China not be the next superpower? And the Chinese have done very well. China cannot afford to lose control over the South China Sea. Across 17 countries, a median of 66% say their countrys current economic relations with China are good. Russia is important but is not economically even close to the U.S. Each has evolving strengths and weaknesses (economic, military, political, cultural, demographic, and environmental) that might inhibit or advance their economic and geopolitical role in the future. All in all, China is regaining the global economic influence over wealthy as well as impoverished nations (more on that below) that it once had centuries ago. An example of the latest thinking comes from Rush Doshi, serving as director for China on the Biden administrations national security council (NSC). There are very few checks and balances in this political system, and theres a concern that when youre at the top, and youre surrounded by yes men, and especially when youre in such a pivotal time when all sorts of stresses and strainsCOVID, strategic competition with the U.S., whats going on in Ukraine, and the relationship with Russiaif you make a mistake then it could have major consequences, both for your country and for the world. China is the 4th largest country in the World, Borders 14 countries including India (2nd most populous country in the World) and Russia (largest country in the world), Long coastline with access to the South China Sea, which is shared by 10 countries. Public speaking. Chinas approach is also top-down, and theres not very much competition. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. The CPC cannot allow this to happen, as it cannot afford the resources that would be lost if the territory were lost. Companies are so enticed by the savings potential that they set up shop in China despite the governments requirement that they share technologya policy that, while controversial, has helped fuel Chinas economic boom as a part of the import/assimilate/re-innovate model. Similarly high numbers (a median of 64%) also rate current U.S. economic relations with their countries favorably. In each country in the region, more name the U.S. as their most dependable ally than any other country in an open-ended question, including around two-thirds or more in Japan (63%), the Philippines (64%) and South Korea (71%). China's main strength in terms of resource access may be its growing alliance with Russia, a country also now at odds with the West, with boundless reserves of minerals as well as timber and other products. And weve seen this in many countries like in the Soviet Union and other authoritarian systems. 2. Furthermore, China borders Russia to the north and northwest, a strong ally. Before he took up his post he completed his now-published analysis The Long Game: Chinas Grand Strategy to Displace the American Order. Tracing the global rise of China's tech giants. And so, in the last 20 years, especially under Xi Jinping, science, technology, and innovation has become a critical element. Now, as Xi goes into a third term later this year, and perhaps longer, hes going to be there presumably, as long as he wants. China has also entered the exclusive club of nations putting people in space. Will you pass the quiz? dataLayer.push({"event": "signup_submit", "form_detail":"enSubscribeFooter"}); And, when it comes to developed countries, views of China are much more mixed to negative. One-child and two-child policies led to an ageing population. While theres the military fighting on the ground [in Ukraine], theres also the economic warfare and the economic confrontation and securitization that has taken place. Hiring. China wants to be an original innovator like the US and advanced countries are. Furthermore, China is making moves into the future to head off potential competition for a number of key industrial items. It is this kind of assessment that explains the diplomatic risks Biden was prepared to run in forming the new tripartite security pact. Weve seen this with COVID-19 and its impact on China. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. Everything you need for your studies in one place. Global views of China are, on balance, mixed. Instead, it started to launch its own initiatives, such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and belt and road. More than three decades of trade and investment with the advanced democracies have left that In recent years, Hollywood movies have been filmed in China, though this has mostly ended with Covid-19. The US president was prepared to take diplomatic risks to form the Aukus pact. The former Australian prime minister Kevin Rudd notes that with Hong Kong firmly in its grip, China sees Taiwan as its unfinished business. Not all of Chinas investment decisions have been successful. }. The Chinese government is exploiting our country's free and open society to develop and maintain a strategic edge. My book now is completely obsolete, of course. China can already look at the world on an equal level, Xi told the annual legislative sessions in Beijing in early March, a remark widely interpreted in Chinese media as a declaration by the president that China no longer sees the US as a superior force. Cheap labor rates are the keystone to the Chinese economic boom. Eventually, a nation of single children attended by two parents and four grandparents is becoming a reality, making the country a demographic time-bomb. Both the US and China are seeking to secure their interest, and in the process threaten others. physical size + geographical position, economic power + influence, demographic factors, political factors, military strength, cultural influence, and access to natural resources. Xi Jinping wears a number of hats. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of the three development theories in explaining which countries become powerful and which do not The Dependency Theory (by AG Frank) established the theory that developed countries keeping developing countries in a statue of under-development by controlling terms of trade. China's strategic position gives it access to the sea and global trade routes to Europe and the Americas, as well as maritime borders with many other nations. Image:REUTERS/Carlos Barria. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. From the December 2016 issue: China's great leap backward China's language and behavior is assertive and provocative, for sure. Hollywood movies have all references to Taiwan as an independent country, and numerous other sensitive topics, censored. Check out China-Africa to learn more about their growing relationship. Once they say this is the top priority, they can bring in the top talents, the top institutions from across the country to focus on that. More still name the U.S. as the foremost economic power than say the same of China. The core conflicts are the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) around these areas, not just for fishing rights but also for the extraction of natural resources. It would be a serious mistake for anyone to try to change the existing status quo by force. China's rapid military expansion and unceasing economic growth, and its prioritizing of the retaking of Taiwan, suggest that the US and its allies may soon come to blows with China and its allies. It was long the world's biggest consumer of energy, until it was passed by China in the early 21st century. By investing heavily in its own innovation engine, China estimates it can reduce its reliance on foreign technology to less than 30 percent in 2020. And to go by [what] the Chinese authorities [say], by the middle of this century, China will begin to overtake the U.S. and become the dominant innovator in the world. It can and does exercise its cultural, economic, and military might as soft power and hard power, in bordering zones such as Myanmar, the Himalayas (Bhutan, for example), Afghanistan, and so forth. Total estimated U.S. basic and applied research expenditures in 2018 were $211.5 billion, about quadruple China's $51 billion. And this model doesnt do well when theres economic weakness, or there are not enough resources flowing in. This has led to crackdowns on minority ethnic groups such as the Uighurs and Tibetans that Western observers claim are effectively cases of genocide. China was able to catch up economically; by the beginning of the 21st century, China was the second largest economy in the world, second to the U.S. A comparative systems analysis looks at six key categories: economics; governance and regulations; raw materials; manufacturing; workforce, labor, and skills; and research, development, and innovation. Transnational Repression Some countries' governments harass and intimidate their. Throughout this report, there are times when we will report 34-country medians and times when we will report 16-, 17- or 18-country medians. If Chinese companies have the best phones or technology, we wont be able to access that. The rest of the world increasingly has to pick sides. To be sure, China has made great strides, especially early on when its needs were obvious: roads and rail links as well as ports and housing. It hasbecome the largest CO2 emitter, producing 27% or more of global emissions. Resources and power. Strong directives from Chinas central government have resulted in a number of highly impressive technological achievements. In some of the Middle East and North African countries surveyed, the opposite is true. Roughly half or more in each Asia-Pacific nation surveyed say Chinese investment is a bad thing because it gives China too much influence, ranging from 48% of Indonesians to 75% of Japanese. Among a subset of 15 countries that were asked questions about global economic engagement in general and Chinese investment in particular, statistical modeling results indicate that views of China are related to these economic attitudes (for a more detailed explanation, see Appendix). The 7th and last aspect of China's emerging superpower status is its military strength, and this is arguably the most important. Mao Zedong served from 1949 until he passed away in 1976. Our nations strong universities are nexuses for innovation and the exchange of ideas, with the high standards of scientific integrity essential to the creation of new, cutting-edge products and services. This is why the United States needs to invest in our growing population of primary and secondary students, and reform our workforce development policies working with community colleges and businesses so our future workforce is ready for the skilled-labor jobs of the 21st century. labor unions during the gilded age, 1615 L St. NW, Suite strengths and weaknesses of china becoming a superpower, DC 20036USA the States is. Completed his now-published analysis the long Game: Chinas Grand Strategy to Displace American... Nation can strengths and weaknesses of china becoming a superpower on than China controversially claimed and largely taken control of Asian Investment. 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